Description
Woodward 8440-2165 SPM-D2-1115B/LSXR Synchronizer
Product Introduction
The Woodward 8440-2165 SPM-D2-1115B/LSXR is a microprocessor-based synchronizer and load-share controller designed for three-phase AC generator sets. Woodward’s official product specification identifies part number 8440-2165 as the SPM-D2-1115B/LSXR configuration, with 100 VAC-rated voltage measurement and …/5 A current measurement. The controller performs automatic frequency, phase and voltage matching before generator breaker closure and can also manage active and reactive load sharing in parallel-generation applications.
The Woodward 8440-2165 SPM-D2-1115B/LSXR is intended for generator systems using compatible engine speed controls and automatic voltage regulators. Its control outputs can be configured for discrete raise/lower commands or analog signals for speed/load and voltage/power-factor control. In mains-parallel operation, it supports active-power and power-factor control; in isolated operation, it can provide voltage and frequency control. The LSXR configuration also provides analog load/VAR sharing and a 0/4–20 mA input for an externally controlled active-power setpoint.
For engineers replacing the Woodward 8440-2165, the exact measuring-input configuration is critical. This is not the same as the 8440-2169, which is the 400 VAC version. Woodward’s own specification explicitly assigns 8440-2165 to the 100 VAC / …/5 A configuration. The SPM-D2 series is also the modern successor to the earlier SPM-D family; Woodward states that SPM-D2 provides a 1:1 drop-in replacement approach with the same wiring/I/O and front plate while adding USB-based ToolKit configuration.
Technical Specifications
| Specification | Details |
|---|---|
| Manufacturer | Woodward |
| Product Series | SPM-D2 |
| Model | -1115B/LSXR |
| Part Number | 8440-2165 |
| Product Type | Digital Synchronizer / Load Share Controller |
| Generator System | 2- or 3-phase AC generator |
| Breaker Synchronization | 1 circuit breaker |
| Generator Voltage Input | 100 VAC rated; 63/110 VAC measurement configuration |
| Maximum Voltage Input | 150 VAC |
| Generator Current Input | …/5 A |
| Current Linear Range | 3.0 × rated current |
| Current Input Burden | <0.15 VA |
| Measurement Accuracy | Class 1 |
| Measuring Frequency | 50/60 Hz, 40–70 Hz |
| Power Supply | 12/24 VDC |
| Supply Range | 9.5–32 VDC |
| Power Consumption | Maximum 8 W |
| Operating Temperature | -20 to +70 °C |
| Humidity | 95%, non-condensing |
| Analog Input | 0/4–20 mA, freely scalable |
| Analog Input Resolution | 10 bit |
| Analog Outputs | ±10 V / ±20 mA / PWM, configurable |
| Analog Output Resolution | 12 bit |
| Discrete Inputs | 4 isolated alarm inputs |
| Relay Outputs | 7 isolated outputs |
| Load Sharing | Active kW and reactive VAR analog sharing |
| Protection | Over/under-voltage, over/under-frequency, overload, reverse power, reduced power |
| Configuration | HMI or Woodward ToolKit |
| PC Interface | USB |
| Front Protection | IP42; IP54 with optional gasket |
| Rear Protection | IP20 |
| Dimensions | 142 × 72 × 122 mm |
| Approx. Weight | 800 g |
| Mounting | Flush panel; optional back-panel mounting |
The voltage/current configuration above comes directly from Woodward’s -11 specification. In particular, 8440-2165 = 100 VAC / …/5 A, while 8440-2169 = 400 VAC / …/5 A. That distinction should be maintained in procurement documentation.
8440-2165
Main Features and Engineering Considerations
Automatic Generator Synchronization
The primary function is to bring the generator into an acceptable electrical relationship with the bus before breaker closure. The -11 performs frequency, phase and voltage matching and provides synchronism-check and synchronization-time monitoring. It also supports dead-bus closing on demand.
Load and VAR Sharing
The LSXR configuration adds two analog load-sharing lines for active and reactive power sharing. This makes the unit suitable for generator sets operating in parallel rather than merely performing a one-time synchronization function. Active-power and power-factor control are also available during mains-parallel operation.
Generator Protection
The controller includes generator protection functions covering over/under-voltage, over/under-frequency, overload, reverse power and reduced power. These functions are useful for generator control, but they should not automatically be treated as a complete plant protection scheme. The external switchgear and protection architecture still determine the overall protection philosophy.
Flexible Governor and AVR Interfaces
The controller can issue discrete raise/lower commands or configurable analog outputs for speed/load and voltage/power-factor control. The specification allows voltage, current and PWM output configurations. This gives the -11 considerable flexibility when interfacing with different governors and automatic voltage regulators.
ToolKit Configuration
adds USB connectivity for configuration with Woodward ToolKit. Woodward also states that is designed as a 1:1 replacement for the earlier SPM-D family, retaining the same wiring/I/O and front-panel arrangement while adding USB configuration and password protection.
Correct Voltage Version Matters
The 8440-2165 is specifically the 100 VAC measuring-input version. The related 8440-2169 uses 400 VAC measuring inputs. These should not be treated as interchangeable simply because both belong to the -11 family.
Application Scenarios
Generator Synchronization
Used to synchronize a generator with an energized bus by matching voltage, frequency and phase before breaker closure.
Multiple Generator Paralleling
The LSXR configuration provides analog active and reactive load-sharing functions for generators operating in parallel.
Utility-Parallel Generation
Active-power and power-factor control functions support generator operation in parallel with a utility supply.
Island Operation
The controller can provide voltage and frequency control when the generator is operating independently from the utility.
Diesel and Gas Generator Sets
Woodward specifies the -11 for a broad range of prime movers, from fast-reacting diesel engines to gas turbines, provided the governor and AVR interfaces are compatible.
Engineer’s Guide: Field Pitfalls
1. Do not confuse 8440-2165 with 8440-2169.
The 8440-2165 uses the 100 VAC measuring-input configuration. The 8440-2169 is the 400 VAC version. This is one of the most important checks before replacement.
2. Verify the CT secondary rating.
The 8440-2165 specification is based on a …/5 A current input. A generator installation using a 1 A CT secondary requires a different configuration.
3. Check PT/VT wiring.
The voltage inputs are part of the synchronization algorithm. Verify phase assignment, nominal voltage, PT ratios and the generator/bus measurement arrangement before commissioning.
4. Preserve synchronization settings.
Slip frequency, voltage difference, frequency difference, phase-angle limits, breaker closing time compensation and synchronization mode all affect breaker-closing behavior.
5. Check governor and AVR signal direction.
A raise/lower output or analog bias signal must produce the intended generator response. Incorrect polarity or scaling can make the synchronizer drive the machine in the wrong direction.
6. Verify load-share wiring separately.
The active and reactive load-sharing lines are part of the LSXR function. Incorrect scaling or polarity can cause generators to fight each other rather than share load correctly.
7. Do not assume the protection settings are generic.
Reverse-power, overload, voltage and frequency limits should be reviewed against the generator’s protection coordination study.
8. Preserve the original configuration.
Before replacing an installed SPM-D unit, record the parameter set. Woodward states that retains the SPM-D wiring/I/O and configuration masks, which simplifies migration, but the actual site parameters still need to be preserved.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Woodward 8440-2165?
It is the Woodward SPM-D2-1115B/LSXR digital synchronizer and load-share controller. Woodward’s official documentation assigns 8440-2165 to this specific configuration.
Is 8440-2165 an EasyGen controller?
No. Some secondary listings incorrectly identify it as an EasyGen controller. Woodward’s official documentation identifies 865 as /LSXR.
What voltage input does 8440-2165 use?
It is the 100 VAC-rated measuring-input version, with a 63/110 VAC measurement configuration and 150 VAC maximum value.
What CT input does it use?
The documented configuration uses a …/5 A current input. The related 400 VAC model 8440-2169 also uses a /5 A input but has a different voltage-input configuration.
Does it provide load sharing?
. The /LSXR provides analog active-power and reactive-power sharing lines, as well as active-power and power-factor control functions.
Can 8440-2165 synchronize a generator automatically?
Yes. It provides automatic frequency, phase and voltage matching for synchronization of one circuit breaker.
What is the replacement for the older SPM-D version?
Woodward’s part-number mapping identifies 8440-2165 as /LSXR and maps the older 8440-1706 SPM-D1115B/LSXR to it. Woodward describes as a 1:1 drop-in replacement for SPM-D.
Procurement Note
For Woodward 8440-2165, the correct technical identification is:
dward /LSXR — Digital Synchronizer and Load Share Controller — 100 VAC measuring input / …/5 A CT input.
Do not approve a replacement merely from the -11 family name. Verify the part number, voltage-input class, CT secondary rating, LSXR configuration, generator/bus PT ratios, governor and AVR interface type, load-share wiring, breaker timing, and stored configuration parameters.
The closest legacy relationship is particularly useful: Woodward maps 8440-1706 SPM-D1115B/LSXR to -2165 /LSXR, and its current support documentation describes as a 1:1 drop-in replacement with the same wiring/I/O and configuration masks.
